{"id":593,"date":"2025-10-30T22:59:29","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T22:59:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africascoop.net\/?p=593"},"modified":"2025-10-30T22:59:38","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T22:59:38","slug":"mali-une-crise-humanitaire-aggravee-par-linsecurite-et-les-deplacements-massifs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africascoop.net\/index.php\/2025\/10\/30\/mali-une-crise-humanitaire-aggravee-par-linsecurite-et-les-deplacements-massifs\/","title":{"rendered":"Mali : une crise humanitaire aggrav\u00e9e par l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 et les d\u00e9placements massifs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Le Mali traverse l\u2019une des crises humanitaires les plus graves de son histoire r\u00e9cente. L\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 persistante, aliment\u00e9e par les violences arm\u00e9es et les attaques terroristes, continue de fragiliser un pays d\u00e9j\u00e0 marqu\u00e9 par plus d\u2019une d\u00e9cennie de conflit. Les r\u00e9gions du Nord et du Centre, \u00e9picentres de cette instabilit\u00e9, paient le plus lourd tribut.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selon un rapport publi\u00e9 en janvier 2025 par le Bureau de la coordination des affaires humanitaires des Nations unies (OCHA Mali), plus de 6,4 millions de Maliens pr\u00e9sentent aujourd\u2019hui des besoins humanitaires multisectoriels : s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire, sant\u00e9, eau potable, protection des civils et \u00e9ducation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chaque mois, des milliers de familles fuient leurs villages, pouss\u00e9es par les violences arm\u00e9es et les repr\u00e9sailles communautaires. Les d\u00e9placements internes s\u2019ajoutent \u00e0 l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s en provenance de pays voisins, eux-m\u00eames confront\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019instabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans plusieurs localit\u00e9s du Nord et du Centre, les march\u00e9s hebdomadaires ne se tiennent plus, les \u00e9coles restent ferm\u00e9es et les centres de sant\u00e9 tournent au ralenti, faute de personnel et de moyens. Les ONG d\u00e9noncent aussi de s\u00e9rieuses entraves \u00e0 l\u2019acc\u00e8s humanitaire, notamment dans les zones enclav\u00e9es contr\u00f4l\u00e9es par des groupes arm\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les autorit\u00e9s tentent de rassurer<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abdraman Togora, coordinateur national des sites de personnes d\u00e9plac\u00e9es internes au minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 et du D\u00e9veloppement social, assure que la situation est \u00ab ma\u00eetris\u00e9e \u00bb, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des m\u00e9canismes visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 l\u2019assistance humanitaire. \u00ab Les priorit\u00e9s consistent \u00e0 fournir une aide d\u2019urgence et \u00e0 trouver des solutions durables, pour que les d\u00e9plac\u00e9s deviennent autonomes et puissent aider d\u2019autres personnes \u00bb, explique-t-il.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selon ses chiffres, \u00e0 la date du 31 d\u00e9cembre 2024, le Mali comptait 402 167 d\u00e9plac\u00e9s internes, 88 783 rapatri\u00e9s et 863 697 personnes retourn\u00e9es dans leurs localit\u00e9s d\u2019origine. Toutefois, il reconna\u00eet les difficult\u00e9s d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 certaines zones, notamment M\u00e9naka. \u00ab Nous avons les moyens de soutenir les populations, mais l\u2019acc\u00e8s reste le principal obstacle \u00bb, confie-t-il.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e9naka, symbole d\u2019une crise aigu\u00eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0 M\u00e9naka, les t\u00e9moignages sont alarmants. Almahmoud Sidi Amar, pr\u00e9sident des d\u00e9plac\u00e9s internes du quartier Algafiate, souligne que \u00ab le march\u00e9 n\u2019est pas aliment\u00e9, les prix flambent alors que les revenus sont faibles. Il faut assurer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire, trouver des abris et cr\u00e9er des couloirs humanitaires pour faciliter l\u2019acheminement des vivres \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, Almahadi Intabakat, secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la mairie de M\u00e9naka, tire la sonnette d\u2019alarme : \u00ab La situation est extr\u00eamement difficile. L\u2019ensemble des cercles s\u2019est d\u00e9plac\u00e9 vers le chef-lieu r\u00e9gional. Ces milliers de d\u00e9plac\u00e9s vivent dans des conditions pr\u00e9caires, sans nourriture suffisante, sans eau potable ni soins de sant\u00e9. \u00bb Selon lui, la derni\u00e8re assistance significative dans la r\u00e9gion remonte au d\u00e9but du mois d\u2019ao\u00fbt, \u00e0 travers le Programme alimentaire mondial (PAM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des efforts limit\u00e9s par le manque de financement<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malgr\u00e9 l\u2019engagement des autorit\u00e9s et des partenaires humanitaires, les moyens restent insuffisants. Selon les rapports de l\u2019OCHA, qui n\u2019a pas r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 notre demande d\u2019interview mais a transmis des documents de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, la mise en \u0153uvre du Plan de r\u00e9ponse humanitaire 2025 n\u00e9cessiterait 771,3 millions de dollars US.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab L\u2019action humanitaire est mise \u00e0 rude \u00e9preuve au Mali, o\u00f9 des milliers de personnes vivent d\u00e9plac\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du pays ou r\u00e9fugi\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger \u00e0 cause de l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 persistante \u00bb, rappelle Djibrilla Tour\u00e9, journaliste sp\u00e9cialiste des questions humanitaires. Il souligne que, malgr\u00e9 les efforts pour distribuer des vivres, assurer l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la sant\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019eau potable et \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9ducation d\u2019urgence, les d\u00e9fis logistiques et s\u00e9curitaires freinent les interventions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une crise aux cons\u00e9quences durables<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Au-del\u00e0 de l\u2019urgence imm\u00e9diate, la crise a des r\u00e9percussions profondes sur le tissu social et \u00e9conomique. Les activit\u00e9s agricoles sont interrompues, le commerce ralentit, le ch\u00f4mage s\u2019accro\u00eet. L\u2019\u00e9ducation est lourdement affect\u00e9e : dans certaines zones, plusieurs ann\u00e9es de scolarit\u00e9 ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 perdues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les communaut\u00e9s h\u00f4tes, elles-m\u00eames vuln\u00e9rables, partagent leurs maigres ressources avec les d\u00e9plac\u00e9s, ce qui accentue la pression et alimente parfois des tensions intercommunautaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaucoup d\u2019observateurs s\u2019accordent : seule une am\u00e9lioration durable de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, combin\u00e9e \u00e0 un renforcement des services sociaux de base et \u00e0 une solution politique au conflit, pourra permettre de sortir de ce cycle de crises humanitaires r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par Djibrilla Tour\u00e9, Correspondant \u00e1 Dakar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Le Mali traverse l\u2019une des crises humanitaires les plus graves de son histoire r\u00e9cente. 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